Coal India Limited(CIL) is an Government-controlled coal mining company headquartered in Kolkata and the world's largest coal miner with revenue exceeding 624.15 billion in FY 2012. It is the largest corporate employer with approx 3.8 lakh employees, contributing around 81% of the total coal production in india. It was formerly owned entirely by the Government of India, under the administrative control of the Ministry of Coal.In 2011, CIL was conferred the Maharatna status by the Union Government of India and ranked as one of India's most valuable company by market value. It is currently 90% owned by the Government of India with the remaining 10% owned by the public. See job opportunities in CIL

Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL), founded in 1986, is a India-Government owned telecommunications service provider in the metro cities of New Delhi and Mumbai in India and Mauritius in Africa. The company was a monopoly until 1992, when the telecom sector was opened to other service providers. After 1992, due to severe competition from private players MTNL has been losing revenue and market share heavily due immense competition in the Indian telecom sector. In 2008 MTNL started 3G services in India under the name of "MTNL 3G Jadoo.". BSNL - MTNL Merger Plans are on the way. Department of Telecommunications recently said the government should set up a multi-stakeholder committee to develop a restructuring plan for both firms. It is one among the 16 navratna companies of India and has an employee strength of nearly 45,000.

Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL), founded in 1974, is an India-Government owned oil company headquartered at Mumbai. HPCL is one of the world's biggest corporations with a rank of 267 in the Fortune Global 500 rankings for the year 2012. Currently it has refining capacity of 13.00 million metric tonnes (MMT). Its main products are petrol, diesal, lubricants, LPG, bitumen etc. HPCL is the market leader in lubricant and associated products and has more than 30% of market share. It is one among the 16 navratna companies of India and has an employee strength of nearly 12,000.

Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), founded in 1940, is one of world's largest aerospace companies. It works under the management of the Defence Ministry of India and mainly involved in the manufacturing and assembling of aircrafts, navigation and related communication equipment, as well as operating airports. HAL built the first military aircraft in South Asia and is currently involved in the design, fabrication and assembly of aircraft, jet engines, and helicopters, as well as their components and spares. It has several facilities throughout India including Koraput, Lucknow, Bangalore, Nasik, Korwa, Hyderabad and Kanpur. The German engineer Kurt Tank designed the HF-24 Marut fighter-bomber, the first fighter aircraft made in India. HAL has a long history of collaboration with international players such as Boeing, Airbus, Israel Aircraft Industries, Sukhoi Aviation Corporation etc. Currently it has an employee strength of nearly 35,000.

Steel Authority of India, founded in 1973, is one of the largest India Government owned steel makers in India and one of the top steel makers in World. Steel Authority of India is among the top five highest profit earning corporates of the country. SAIL has more than 1.1 lakh employees. With an annual production of 13.5 million metric tons, SAIL is the 14th largest steel producer in the world. Rourkela Steel Plant (RSP) in Odisha, Bhilai Steel Plant (BSP) in Chhattisgarh, Bokaro Steel Plant (BSL) in Jharkhand, Durgapur Steel Plant (DSP) in West Bengal are the main integrated steel plants of SAIL. It is one of the five Maharatna status companies of India, along with Coal India, IOCL, NTPC and ONGC.

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited, founded in 1956, is an India Government owned oil and gas company headquartered in Dehradun. It is one of the world's largest oil and gas exploration and production companies, and produces around 77% of India's crude oil which is equivalent nearly 30% of the country's total demand and around 81% of its natural gas. It is one of the largest publicly traded companies by market capitalization in India. In the Fortune Global 500 list, it has been ranked 357th of the world's biggest corporations for the year 2012. Currently India Government owns 74.14% equity stake and the rest is with public. It is one of the five Maharatna status companies of India, along with Coal India, IOCL, NTPC and Steel Authority of India.

NTPC Limited, founded in 1975, is the largest India Government owned electric utilities company with its headquarters in New Delhi. It is listed in Forbes Global 2000 for 2011 ranked it 348th in the world. It is an Indian public sector company in which at present the Government of India holds 84.5% of its equity. With a current generating capacity of 39,174 MW, NTPC has embarked on plans to become a 75,000 MW company by 2017. NTPC's core business is construction and operation of power generating plants and providing consultancy to power utilities in India and abroad. It is one of the five Maharatna status companies of India, along with Coal India, IOCL, ONGC and Steel Authority of India.

Indian Oil Corporation Limited is an India Government owned oil and gas corporation with its headquarters in New Delhi. According to the Fortune Global 500 list, the company is the world's 83rd largest public corporation and the largest public corporation in India when ranked by revenue. IndianOil and its subsidiaries account for a 47% share in the petroleum products market, 34% share in refining capacity and 67% downstream sector pipelines capacity in India. The IndianOil Group of Companies owns and operates 10 of India's 21 refineries with a combined refining capacity of 65.7 million metric tons per year.It is one of the five Maharatna status companies of India, along with Coal India, NTPC, ONGC and Steel Authority of India.

Coal India Limited(CIL) is an Government-controlled coal mining company headquartered in Kolkata and the world's largest coal miner with revenue exceeding 624.15 billion in FY 2012. It is the largest corporate employer with approx 3.8 lakh employees, contributing around 81% of the total coal production in india. It was formerly owned entirely by the Government of India, under the administrative control of the Ministry of Coal.In 2011, CIL was conferred the Maharatna status by the Union Government of India and ranked as one of India's most valuable company by market value. It is currently 90% owned by the Government of India with the remaining 10% owned by the public.

UCO Bank was established in 1943 with its headquarters in Kolkata. It was formerly known as United Commercial Bank. Is one of the oldest and major commercial bank of India. The bank was founded by Ghanshyam Das Birla, an eminent Indian industrialist. During Quit India movement, Ghanshyam Das had conceived the idea of organizing a commercial bank with Indian capital and management, and the United Commercial Bank Limited formed. Bank started with an issued capital of Rs 2 crore and a Paid-up capital of Rs 1 crore. The bank was nationalized in 1969 by the Government of India. In 1985, its name was changed to UCO Bank, as another bank with the same name was existing in Bangladesh. Currently it has a turnover of around Rs50000 crores.

Union Bank of India is one of India's largest public sector banks. It was founded in 1919 and was inaguarated by Mahatma Gandhi. It was nationalized in 1969. It has assets of USD 13.45 billion and all the bank's branches have been networked with its 3025 ATMs. It has representative offices in Abu Dhabi, Sydney, United Arab Emirates, and Shanghai, Peoples Republic of China, and a branch in Hong Kong. Currently Indian Government owns 55.43% of its share capital and rest remains with public, private organizations and foreign companies. It has an employee strength of around 30,000.

United Bank of India, founded in 1950, is an India Goverment owned financial services company headquartered in Kolkata Presently the bank has a three-tier organizational setup with its Head office in Kolkata, 31 Regional offices and more than 1650 branches spread all over India. Its has major presence in eastern India. In 2009, the Indian government decided to approve the restructuring United Bank of India which would infuse around 7.50 billion rupees. The Bank is 100% Core Banking Solution enabled and have a total business of more than 1 lac crore.

Oriental Bank of Commerce is one of the public sector banks in India, headquatered in New Delhi. The bank was actually found in lahore in 1943. The bank was nationalized on 15 April 1980. The bank as a mission to provide the finest banking services by upgrading human capital and infusing advanced technology, thereby achieving total customer satisfaction; and being reckoned as the “Best Bank” in the Industry on all efficiency parameters. Currently it has customer base of more than 1.56 crore and the holding of Govt. of India increases to 58% from 51.09%.

Indian Overseas Bank is a state-owned bank headquartered in Chennai, India. It has more than 2650 domestic branches, 3 extension counters and six branches overseas as of march 2012. Indian Overseas Bank has an ISO certified in-house Information Technology department, which has developed the online banking software IOB offers internet Banking (E-See Banking) & Mobile Banking. The bank was established by M. Chidambaram Chettyar in 1937. In 2007, IOB took over Bharat Overseas Bank. In 2010, Malaysia awarded a commercial banking license to a locally incorporated bank to be jointly owned by Bank of Baroda, IOB and Andhra Bank. The new bank, India International Bank (Malaysia), will reside in Kuala Lumpur. Andhra Bank will hold a 25% stake, Bank of Baroda will own 40% and IOB the remaining 35%.

Indian bank is a state-owned bank headquartered in Chennai, India. It has more than 22,000 employees, around 2000 branches and is one of the big public sector banks of India. It has overseas branches in Sri Lanka, Singapore etc. Established on 15th August 1907 as part of the Swadeshi movement. The bank was natioanlized in 1969. It is the only Indian Bank other than State Bank of India to feature in the List of Fortune 500 Companies in tht World. It has diversified banking activities - 3 Subsidiary companies - Indbank Merchant Banking Services Ltd, IndBank Housing Ltd, IndFund Management Ltd.

Dena Bank was founded in 1938 by the family of Devkaran Nanjee under the name Devkaran Nanjee Banking Company Ltd. It became a Public Ltd. Company in 1939 and later the name was changed to Dena Bank Ltd. It has over 1100 branches.The logo of Dena Bank depicts Goddess Lakshmi, the Goddess of Wealth. It was one among the few Banks to receive the World Bank loan for technological upgradation and training. It went to public on 1996. Dena bank was one among the 6 Public Sector Banks selected by the World Bank for sanctioning a loan of Rs.72.3 crores for augmentation of Tier-II Capital under Financial Sector Developmental project in the year 1995.

Corporation Bank is based in Mangalore and has pan-India presence with more than 6,100 functional units comprising 1500 branches, 1274 ATMs & 3390 branchless banking units as on March 2012. The bank was founded in 1906 with an initial capital of Rs. 5000. The Bank is a Public Sector Unit with around 57% of Share Capital held by the Government of India. The Bank came out with its Initial Public Offer (IPO) in 1997. Corporation Bank is one of the Best 200 companies world over outside the United States having a turnover under a billion US$. Currently the bank is considered as one among India’s Best Public Sector Banks.

Central Bank of India is a government-owned bank and it is one of the oldest and largest commercial banks in India. The bank has around 3600 branches across 27 Indian states and three Union Territories. It was established in 1911 by Sir Sorabji Pochkhanawala with Sir Pherozesha Mehta as Chairman, and claims to have been the first commercial Indian bank completely owned and managed by Indians. The bank was nationalized in 1969. Central Bank of India was one of first bank to issue credit cards in the year 1980 in collaboration with MasterCard. Its Core Banking Solution is provided by TCS.

Canara Bank was started in 1906 as Canara Hindu Permanent Fund in Mangalore. The bank changed its name to Canara Bank Limited in 1910. The Government of India nationalized Canara Bank, along with 13 other major commercial banks of India in 1969. Canara Bank sponsors three regional rural banks named Shreyas Gramin Bank, South Malabar Gramin Bank and Pragathi Gramin Bank. South Malabar Gramin Bank is the largest regional rural banks in India. Its headquarters are at Malappuram and it operates in eight districts in Kerala. Canara Bank established its International Division in 1976. Currenlty it has branches in London, Hong Kong, Shanghai, Sharjah etc.

Syndicate Bank is one of the oldest and major commercial banks of India. It was earlier known as Canara industrial and Banking Syndicate Limited. The bank was nationalized in 1969, by the Government of India. The name of the bank was changed to Syndicate Bank Limited in 1964. Currently it has over 2700 branches and all branches are offering corebanking-e-banking services under anywhere-anytime-anyhow banking. Syndicate Bank sponsored the first regional rural bank in India by name Prathama Grameena Bank. Recently, Syndicate Bank has achieved a rare feat of opening one million customer accounts in a span of 3 months.

Punjab National Bank was founded in 1894 and is currently the second largest state-owned commercial bank in India just behind State Punjab National Bank with about 5000 branches across 764 cities. Punjab National Bank is the third largest bank in India by assets. It serves over 38 million customers. The bank has been ranked 248th biggest bank in the world by the Bankers Almanac, London. PNB has a banking subsidiary in the UK, as well as branches in Dubai, Hong Kong and Kabul. PNB has the distinction of being the first Indian bank to have been started solely with Indian capital that has survived to the present. Punjab National Bank was ranked 26 in the Fortune India 500 ranking of 2011. PNB has had the privilege of maintaining accounts of national leaders such as Mahatma Gandhi, Jawahar Lal Nehru, Lal Bahadur Shastri, Indira Gandhi etc.

Bank of India is a government-owned commercial bank with headquarters in Mumbai. It was nationalized in 1969. It is India's 4th largest PSU bank, after State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank and Bank of India. It has around 4200 branches as on April 2012, including 29 branches outside India, and around 1700 ATMs. Bank of India is a founder member of SWIFT - Society for Worldwide Inter Bank Financial Telecommunications, which facilitates provision of cost-effective financial processing and communication services. The Bank completed its first one hundred years of operations in 2006.

Bank of Baroda with a caption "India's International Bank", is the highest profit-making Public Sector bank in India and the third largest PSU bank in terms of number of total business in India. It is also the country's second largest public sector lender in terms of annual profit. The Maharajah of Baroda, Sir Sayajirao Gaekwad III, founded the bank in 1908 in the princely state of Baroda, in Gujarat. The bank was nationalised in 1969, by the government of India. As the caption suggests, Bank of Baroda has 91 overseas branches, mainly in world’s major financial centers like New York, Hong Kong, Brussels, London, Dubai, Singapore as well as a number in other countries. The bank is engaged in retail banking via the branches of subsidiaries in Guyana, Kenya, Tanzania, Botswana and Uganda.

Andhra Bank is a medium-sized public sector bank . Andhra Bank was founded in 1923 by the eminent freedom fighter Dr. Bhogaraju Pattabhi Sitaramayya. The vision of the bank is to become a significant player, providing full range of banking services through innovative customer centric products and to maximize stake holders’ value. Currently it has around 1800 branches across the globe and has nearly 17000 employees. The Government of India owns 51.55% of its share capital and is going to increase it to 58%.The state owned Life Insurance Corporation of India holds 10% of the shares. Andra Bank was ranked 532nd for the year ended 2007 amongst Top 1000 Banks in the world by "The Banker" - a London based publication.

Allahabad Bank, the Oldest Joint Stock Bank of the Country, was founded in 1865 by a group of Europeans at Allahabad. In 1969, Allahabad Bank was nationalized along with 13 other banks. In 1989, United Industrial Bank Ltd. merged with Allahabad Bank. In 2002, the Bank came out with Initial Public Offer, of 10 crores share of face value Rs.10 each, reducing Government shareholding to 71.16%. In 2005, follow on Public Offer of 10 crores equity shares of face value Rs.10 each with a premium of Rs.72, reducing Government shareholding to 55.23%. The Bank opened its first overseas branch at Hong Kong in 2007 and in the same year it crossed Rs.1,00,000 crores mark in business.

State Bank of India is the largest banking and financial services company in India by market capitalization, revenue and assets. It is a Govt-owned bank with its headquarters in Mumbai, Maharashtra. As of March 2012, it had assets of US$360 billion with more than 13,500 outlets including 157 overseas branches and agents globally. The bank was earlier known as Imperial Bank of India. Bank of Madras merged into the other two presidency banks—Bank of Calcutta and Bank of Bombay—to form the Imperial Bank of India, which in turn became the State Bank of India. In 1955, Government of India nationalised the Imperial Bank of India, with the RBI taking a 60% stake, and renamed it the State Bank of India. In 2008, the Government of India took over the stake held by the RBI. State Bank of India has been ranked 285th in the Fortune Global 500 rankings of the world's biggest corporations for the year 2012.

About Vijaya Bank

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Vijaya Bank, was founded by late Shri A.B.Shetty and other enterprising farmers in karnataka in 1931. The main objective of the founders was to promote banking habit and enterpreneurship among the farming community of Dakshina Kannada district in Karnataka State. The bank became a scheduled bank in 1958. The bank steadily grew into a large All India bank. In 1963-68, nine smaller banks merging with it. The credit for this merger and growth goes to late Shri M.Sunder Ram Shetty, who was then the CEO of the bank. The bank was nationalised in 1980. The bank has built a network of 1300 branches, 864 centers, 48 Extention Counters and 750 ATMs as on March 2012, that span all 28 states and 4 union territories in the country.

For international business firms, Double Taxation Relief is one of the key factors which determines the profitability and scalability of operations. Understanding the concept of Double taxation and Double Taxation Relief is very much important for business enterprises and especially students of Economics and International business. In this post, the concept of Double taxation and Double Taxation Relief are explained.

The idea of Mega food park is an innovative initiative from Government of India which is expected to facilitate state-of-the-art infrastructure with efficient supply chain management from farm gate to retail outlets. The projects are meant to bring about substantial reduction of wastage, value addition, employment generation and increased income for farmers. A mega food park provides various facilities to food processors, farmers, retailers and exporters, thus help in fast growth of food processing industries. The scheme is tailored to be implemented in a market-driven manner commensurate with global and national demand. Innovative supply chain management will be the key to implementation of this scheme.

The presidents of Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda signed a regional pact to eliminate armed rebels in eastern Congo. Uneasy neighbors Congo and Rwanda, which have gone to war with each other in the past, have often swapped accusations about backing rival rebel groups, a charge that both countries deny.The pact foresees the creation of an international military force to take on multiple insurgencies in the eastern Congolese provinces of North and South Kivu. Both the countries lie in the Great Lake Region. The Great Lakes of Africa include some of the largest and most ecologically diverse freshwater systems on the planet. Read more about African Great Lake.

According to unemployment survey conducted by the Labour Bureau of the Government of India, the country recorded 3.8 percent unemployment rate in the year 2010-11. Last year(2009-10) figure was 9.4 percent. The survey was conducted in all 28 states and 7 Union Territories. urban unemployment and rural unemployment stood at at 5.1 percent and 3.5 percent respectively. Women unemployment at 6.7 percent stood significantly ahead of men unemployment rate which stood at 2.8 percent. The report stated that of those with a livelihood, the majority were self-employed or casual labour. While 48.6 per cent were self employed, 31 per cent were casual labour. The unemployment rate was found maximum in states such as Goa (16 percent), Kerala (9 percent) and West Bengal (7 percent), while Gujarat (1 Percent) had the lowest number of unemployment rate.

Many people around the world have a question in mind about the child marriages in India. Is child marriage legal in India?. This question arise just because of the ever decreasing incidents of child marriages in India, even though the country is heading to be a developed nation. Believe or not, more than one third of child brides in the world lives in India. A study by UNICEF says that 47% of Indian girls are married by 18 years of age, and 18% of them are married by 15 years of age. The highest rates of child marriages are seen particularly in the least developed states like Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh.

Last year I wrote about the first ever socio-economic caste census (SECC) in the country. This time I am showing the other side off the story - In some part of the country, the Data Entry Operators (DEOs) are not fully paid for their hard work put in for around 1 year.

Govt of India started the Socio Economic and Caste Census (SECC) on June 2011. It was done through a comprehensive door to door enumeration across the country with the help of DEOs. The planned end date was December 2011 but the entire process got delayed due to several reasons. As of now the overall completion rate is around 65% across the country.

Dara Singh, who won India numerous accolades globally in wrestling, passed away on 11 July 2012 in Mumbai following a protracted illness. He was 84. Born in 1928 in Amritsar, Dara Singh travelled to different parts of the globe as a Professional Wrestler. He announced his retirement from active wrestling in 1983. He had a long stint in Indian film Industry. After he made his debut in Bollywood in 1967 with the film Saat Samundar Paar, he played numerous characters in more than fifty Indian movies. He also directed and produced a number of movies. Singh got the real recognition as an actor when he fabulously portrayed the character of Lord Hanuman in the Ramanand Sagar’s Ramayan television series.

A consortium of Aluminium producer Nalco, steel major SAIL and Hindustan Copper have been shortlisted by the Afghan Government for developing its gold and copper mines. The consortium will submit a bid for developing gold and copper deposits in Afghanistan this month. Two private Indian firms — Monnet Ispat & Energy and Jindal Steel & Power — have also been shortlisted by the Afghan Government for the copper and gold mines. The two firms had been invited to join the consortium of state-owned entities, so that a single Indian bid could be put up. Last yearIn 2011, a consortium of Indian private and public sector companies from the steel and mining sector, AFISCO, had successfully bid for developing Hajigak mines in Afganistan, which is considered to have 1.28 billion tonnes of iron ore. Currently, it is in the process of finalising an agreement with the Afghanistan Government, which includes development of Hajigak mines and constructing a steel plant.

A new service tax regime, based on a negative list of exempted services came into effect from July 1st. With this, all services — except the 38 activities put on the negative list — came under the tax at the increased rate of 12 per cent, as announced in the Union budget.

Earlier, service tax was levied on 119 services based on a positive list. The switch-over to a negative list-based approach is aimed at aligning the indirect taxation system to the proposed Goods and Services Tax (GST) regime, which is sought to be introduced to unify the levies of the Centre and the States into a composite system.

Through general knowledge online test series, currentaffairsindia.info presents the most relevant model questions for General Knowledge. These questions are applicable to Railway Recruitment Exams, Bank PO and clerical exams and various other competitive exams. This questions are a mixture of previous years questions and probable sample questions. Any comments/doubts are welcomed!!

Through general knowledge online test series, currentaffairsindia.info presents the most relevant model questions for General Knowledge. These questions are applicable to Railway Recruitment Exams, Bank PO and clerical exams and various other competitive exams. This questions are a mixture of previous years questions and probable sample questions. Any comments/doubts are welcomed!! 

Indian navy offers lot of exciting opportunities for engineering graduates. A job in Indian navy provides a level of comfort and security that is almost unheard of in civilian life. It provides unparalleled career potential, outstanding financial benefits, and personal growth and the lifestyle of freedom  that you’ve been waiting for. Below given are the various career opportunities for Engineering Graduates in Indian Navy.

Indian navy offers a unique way of exploring life and provide great opportunities to exploit the potential in every sphere of life. A job in Indian navy provides a level of comfort and security that is almost unheard of in civilian life. It provides unparalleled career potential, outstanding financial benefits, and personal growth and the lifestyle of freedom  that you have been waiting for. Below given are the various career opportunities in Indian Navy.

Through current affairs online test series, currentaffairsindia.info presents the most relevant and latest model questions and answers on Indian Current Affairs. These questions are applicable to Civil Service Prelims(CSAT), Railway Recruitment Exams, Bank PO and clerical exams and various other competitive exams. The questions are framed from Government releases, various major news papers etc. Any comments/doubts are welcomed!!